What are AZO-free dyes?
You may have seen AZO-free dyes listed while checking the materials on children’s clothing, but what are AZO dyes and why is it helpful to avoid them?
What are AZO dyes?
AZO dyes are man-made dyes that have nitrogen compounds. There are over 2,000 kinds of AZO dyes. About 4-5% of AZO dyes form “aromatic amines.” Aromatic amines are chemical byproducts of manufacturing processes. Studies have linked aromatic amines to DNA damage that causes tumor growth. In additional to being carcinogenic, they can also be endocrine disruptors.
What are AZO dyes used for?
AZO dyes are used in approximately 70% of the textile industry to create vibrant colors. They are a fast, affordable, and eco-friendly way to dye garments. They are often used in developing countries to add variety to products. AZO dyes are also sometimes used in food coloring, hair dye, thermal printers, soaps, oils, waxes, rugs, nail polish, paints, diapers, rubber products, shoes, oils, waxes, soaps, colored smoke, plastic hardeners, and more.
Are AZO dyes banned?
In the United States there are no specific regulations on AZO dyes, but there are restrictions on some aromatic amines that form from AZO dyes. Banned aromatic amines vary by state. States with the strictest restrictions include California Proposition 65 , Vermont, and Washington State. Certain AZO dyes in food coloring are starting to be phased out.
Which aromatic amines are most harmful?
Some of the most toxic AZO dyes used in food are known to be Tartrazine (yellow), Ponceau 4R (strawberry red), Allura Red AC (FD&C RED 40), and HT Brown. These can affect a child’s neurological development. Other amines in dyes include:
How do I know if products I’m buying have toxic AZO amines?
When purchasing children’s clothing, some companies will advertise AZO-free dyes. If a product has a GOTS certification means that no AZO dyes containing heavy metals are used in the product. If a product is OEKO-TEX STANDARD 100 certified it will also not contain “banned azo colorants.”